The Magnificent Mile: A Warehouse Street That Became America's Boulevard in Fifteen Years

The Magnificent Mile: A Warehouse Street That Became America's Boulevard in Fifteen Years

Until nineteen seventeen this corridor was named Pine Street. A bridge that opened on May fourteenth, nineteen twenty cleared it, six landmark buildings filled the bridgehead in a single decade, and a real estate developer named Arthur Rubloff coined the name in April nineteen forty-seven. One yellow limestone tower from eighteen sixty-nine refused to be cleared.

4.41|75 minutes|2.4 km|7 Stops

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Wrigley Building: The First Bet on a Cleared Corner

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1

Wrigley Building: The First Bet on a Cleared Corner

Four hundred to four hundred ten North Michigan Avenue. Graham, Anderson, Probst and White, Charles Beersman lead designer. South tower September nineteen twenty-one, north tower May nineteen twenty-four. The first major commercial structure built north of the river after the bridge.

2

Tribune Tower: Two Hundred and Sixty-Three Entries, One Built

Four hundred and thirty-five North Michigan Avenue. John Mead Howells and Raymond M. Hood, completed nineteen twenty-five. Result of Colonel Robert R. McCormick's nineteen twenty-two international competition. Two hundred and sixty-three entries from twenty-three countries.

3

Allerton Hotel: The Bridgehead Fills In

Seven hundred and one North Michigan Avenue. Murgatroyd and Ogden of New York, opened March thirty-first, nineteen twenty-four. North Italian Renaissance specimen, rare in Chicago. Originally a club hotel for single young white-collar men.

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4

Chicago Water Tower: The One Stop That Refused

Eight hundred and six North Michigan Avenue. William W. Boyington, eighteen sixty-nine. Joliet limestone. One hundred and eighty-two and a half feet tall. The only major public structure in the burnt zone to survive the Great Chicago Fire of October eighth to tenth, eighteen seventy-one.

5

Palmolive Building: The Bridgehead's Art Deco Capstone

Nine hundred and nineteen North Michigan Avenue. Holabird and Root, completed April nineteen twenty-nine. Thirty-seven stories. Gray Indiana Bedford limestone, terra cotta spandrels. Built for Colgate-Palmolive-Peet at approximately six million dollars.

6

John Hancock Center: The Modernist Counterpoint

Eight hundred and seventy-five North Michigan Avenue. Skidmore, Owings and Merrill. Bruce Graham chief designer, Fazlur Rahman Khan structural engineer. Topped out May sixth, nineteen sixty-eight; completed nineteen sixty-nine. One hundred stories, one thousand one hundred and twenty-eight feet. First exterior diagonalized tube; first mixed-use supertall in the world.

7

The Drake Hotel: The Corridor's North Anchor, and Where the Name Got Made

One hundred and forty East Walton Place. Marshall and Fox, Benjamin Howard Marshall lead architect. Opened December thirty-first, nineteen twenty. Italian Renaissance, thirteen stories, H-plan piano nobile after sixteenth-century Florentine and Roman palaces. Financed by brothers John B. and Tracy Corey Drake.

Best Time to Visit

Weekday mornings from about nine to eleven, before the shopping crowds thicken on Michigan Avenue. Late afternoon in spring and fall when the low light reaches the white terra cotta of the Wrigley and the Joliet limestone of the Water Tower. Summer evenings are pleasant but the corridor is its busiest then. The Water Tower's interior gallery, the City Gallery in the Historic Water Tower, is free and open most days; check the City of Chicago's posted hours. The Drake Hotel's lobby and Palm Court are open daily. The Wrigley Building lobby is accessible during business hours, weekdays. Tribune Tower converted to residential in two thousand and eighteen, so the lobby is no longer open to the public; the embedded fragments at street level are visible at any hour. Avoid the Magnificent Mile during the Thanksgiving lights festival weekend in late November unless you specifically want the crowd; the corridor is closed to traffic and packed.

Pro Tips

  • Start at the south plaza of the bridge for the cleanest sight line on the Wrigley Building's clock tower. The terra cotta is most striking with the river behind it and the sky to the north. Cross on the upper deck, not the lower level, so you reach the Wrigley plaza at street level.
  • The Tribune Tower fragments are the most accessible interactive element on the tour. Walk slowly along the south and east elevations at street level; most fragments are labelled with the source. The Westminster Abbey, Bunker Hill, and Forbidden City stones are among the most-visited.
  • Stop four anchors on the Water Tower's south face in Jane M. Byrne Plaza. If the City Gallery interior is open, step in (free) for a small contemporary photography exhibition; the gallery rotates. The matching Pumping Station across Michigan Avenue is still operating, so you cannot enter, but you can read the same Joliet limestone from the sidewalk.
  • Stop six (the John Hancock) anchors on the Chestnut Street sidewalk where the exterior X-bracing reads at eye level. If you want the observation deck view, three sixty Chicago on the ninety-fourth floor charges admission and is open day and evening; the lobby is free.
  • The Drake Hotel's Palm Court is the corridor's classic afternoon-tea room; service runs most afternoons, reservations recommended. The Coq d'Or bar on the lower lobby level has been continuously operating since nineteen thirty-three.
  • The Roamer Chicago Loop Architecture tour walks the structural family tree that the John Hancock tube descends from (Sullivan, the Chicago School, the Reliance, the Monadnock, and Mies van der Rohe's IBM Building). The Roamer Chicago River Corridor tour walks the same Michigan Avenue Bridge from the river side and reads the bridgehead pageant from the water. If either thread holds your interest, those are the next two walks.

Safety & Precautions

  • Michigan Avenue is a working downtown commercial corridor with heavy vehicle traffic and frequent rideshare pickups along the curb. Cross at signals only. The intersections at Michigan and Pearson (Water Tower), Michigan and Chestnut (John Hancock), and Michigan and Walton (Drake) are all busy.
  • The bridge's upper deck has wide sidewalks but the railing opens to river views; if you are walking with small children, keep them away from the rail. The lower level is for vehicles and is not pedestrian-friendly.
  • The Mag Mile shopping crowd peaks Friday afternoons, weekends, and the November-through-December holiday season. The sidewalks between Stop three (Allerton) and Stop five (Palmolive) narrow at points; the audio works on either side of the street.
  • Chicago weather is genuinely variable: the corridor is exposed to lake-effect wind off Lake Michigan from the east, particularly between the Water Tower and the Drake. Bring a layer in spring and fall; a windproof jacket in winter. The walk is short enough to do in light rain with an umbrella, but the Joliet limestone of the Water Tower reads best in dry, low light.
  • Jane M. Byrne Plaza around the Water Tower is paved in cobblestone and brick. Wear flat closed shoes. The Drake Hotel's entrance steps are stone and can be slick in winter.

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